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Karl Fisher titration
Karl Fisher titration
Karl Fischer Titration is a highly reliable and widely used technique for measuring trace amounts of water in various substances. It is particularly valued in industries requiring precise moisture content analysis, such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, and materials science.
Karl Fischer Titration determines water content by reacting water in a sample with Karl Fischer reagent, generating iodine ions. This reaction’s endpoint is detected either by measuring electricity (coulometric) or voltage change (volumetric). It’s highly sensitive, precise, and applicable across industries like pharmaceuticals and materials science, ensuring accurate moisture analysis without altering sample integrity.
- Pharmaceuticals: Ensuring the precise moisture content of drug substances and products.
- Chemicals: Quality control in chemical manufacturing processes.
- Food and Beverage: Monitoring moisture levels in food products to maintain freshness and stability.
- Materials Science: Analyzing moisture in polymers, ceramics, and other materials to optimize performance.
- Accuracy: Provides precise measurement of water content, critical for product quality and regulatory compliance.
- Speed: Delivers results quickly, allowing for efficient process control and quality assurance.
- Versatility: Applicable to a wide range of sample types and industries.
- Non-Destructive: Does not damage or alter samples during analysis.
- ASTM E203: Standard test method for water using volumetric Karl Fischer titration.
- ISO 760: International standard for determination of water content using Karl Fischer titration.
few milligrams of sample are sufficient for analysis, depending on its moisture content and the sensitivity of the titration method used.